1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,000 Incredible strength. 2 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:04,300 You had the creation of a superhuman 3 00:00:04,300 --> 00:00:07,740 that was indestructible, invincible. 4 00:00:07,740 --> 00:00:10,000 Superior intelligence. 5 00:00:10,000 --> 00:00:14,000 The ultimate goal is to become an immortal God. 6 00:00:14,000 --> 00:00:17,500 And the ability to reproduce. 7 00:00:17,500 --> 00:00:20,000 You have a robotic consciousness 8 00:00:20,000 --> 00:00:24,000 that has become something we would think of as a person. 9 00:00:24,000 --> 00:00:28,000 But is this obsession with creating counterfeit humans 10 00:00:28,000 --> 00:00:31,000 really pointing the way to mankind's future? 11 00:00:31,000 --> 00:00:33,000 Or to its past, 12 00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:37,000 another civilization has done the same thing 13 00:00:37,000 --> 00:00:40,000 hundreds of thousands of years before us. 14 00:00:40,000 --> 00:00:42,000 We may be living in a universe 15 00:00:42,000 --> 00:00:44,000 where the real intelligence is out there. 16 00:00:44,000 --> 00:00:46,000 Are robots. 17 00:00:46,000 --> 00:00:49,000 Since the dawn of civilization, 18 00:00:49,000 --> 00:00:52,000 mankind has credited its origins 19 00:00:52,000 --> 00:00:56,000 to gods and other visitors from the stars. 20 00:00:56,000 --> 00:00:59,000 What if it were true? 21 00:00:59,000 --> 00:01:04,000 Did extraterrestrial beings really help to shape our history? 22 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:06,000 And if so, 23 00:01:06,000 --> 00:01:11,000 could there be a connection between aliens and robots? 24 00:01:26,000 --> 00:01:32,000 MUSIC 25 00:01:32,000 --> 00:01:40,000 MUSIC 26 00:01:40,000 --> 00:01:43,000 MUSIC 27 00:01:43,000 --> 00:01:47,000 Kansai Science City, Japan. 28 00:01:47,000 --> 00:01:51,000 At the Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute, 29 00:01:51,000 --> 00:01:54,000 Dr. Hiroshi Ishiguro and his team 30 00:01:54,000 --> 00:01:57,000 are developing a series of robots, 31 00:01:57,000 --> 00:02:00,000 artificial humans that are incredibly lifelike, 32 00:02:00,000 --> 00:02:04,000 both in their appearance and in their facial gestures. 33 00:02:04,000 --> 00:02:06,000 When we are sitting, we never stop. 34 00:02:06,000 --> 00:02:10,000 Our eyes and head and the body is slightly moving. 35 00:02:10,000 --> 00:02:13,000 So we have developed a mechanism to mimic 36 00:02:13,000 --> 00:02:16,000 that kind of human life, a subconscious movement. 37 00:02:16,000 --> 00:02:19,000 MUSIC 38 00:02:19,000 --> 00:02:22,000 This robot, part of the Geminoid series, 39 00:02:22,000 --> 00:02:26,000 is designed to look identical to its maker. 40 00:02:26,000 --> 00:02:29,000 But what separates it from other robots of its type 41 00:02:29,000 --> 00:02:32,000 is the number of miniature motors called actuators 42 00:02:32,000 --> 00:02:36,000 used to mimic human expression. 43 00:02:36,000 --> 00:02:38,000 While most use 10 to 12, 44 00:02:38,000 --> 00:02:42,000 the latest Geminoids use over 50. 45 00:02:42,000 --> 00:02:45,000 Inside the fetal skin, 46 00:02:45,000 --> 00:02:48,000 this kind of the pneumatic actuator 47 00:02:48,000 --> 00:02:51,000 are pulling or pushing the skin 48 00:02:51,000 --> 00:02:54,000 so that we can make facial expression. 49 00:02:54,000 --> 00:02:56,000 MUSIC 50 00:02:56,000 --> 00:03:00,000 The robot is programmed to mimic as closely as possible. 51 00:03:00,000 --> 00:03:04,000 The movements a human makes while at rest. 52 00:03:04,000 --> 00:03:07,000 It responds spontaneously to being touched, 53 00:03:07,000 --> 00:03:09,000 or when asked a question, 54 00:03:09,000 --> 00:03:13,000 it can also be remotely operated. 55 00:03:13,000 --> 00:03:17,000 When this robot is still operated, 56 00:03:17,000 --> 00:03:20,000 the movement is copied to this robot. 57 00:03:20,000 --> 00:03:23,000 Also, when the operator speaks something, 58 00:03:23,000 --> 00:03:28,000 the system automatically analyzes what he is saying, 59 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:31,000 and automatically generates a movement. 60 00:03:31,000 --> 00:03:36,000 I think the cafeteria closed too early. 61 00:03:36,000 --> 00:03:37,000 Yeah, too early. 62 00:03:37,000 --> 00:03:41,000 Yeah, it closed at 5.30. 63 00:03:41,000 --> 00:03:43,000 MUSIC 64 00:03:43,000 --> 00:03:46,000 While the Geminoid robots focus primarily 65 00:03:46,000 --> 00:03:48,000 on replicating facial expression, 66 00:03:48,000 --> 00:03:51,000 engineers at the University of Texas 67 00:03:51,000 --> 00:03:53,000 Human-Centered Robotics Lab 68 00:03:53,000 --> 00:03:56,000 have developed a robot named Dreamer 69 00:03:56,000 --> 00:03:58,000 that can perform an equally impressive series 70 00:03:58,000 --> 00:04:01,000 of sophisticated body movements. 71 00:04:01,000 --> 00:04:04,000 We made Dreamer more human-like 72 00:04:04,000 --> 00:04:07,000 through the futures and shapes 73 00:04:07,000 --> 00:04:09,000 and dimensions of the human, 74 00:04:09,000 --> 00:04:11,000 and at the same time, making the movements 75 00:04:11,000 --> 00:04:13,000 much more human-like by understanding 76 00:04:13,000 --> 00:04:15,000 and learning from the human. 77 00:04:15,000 --> 00:04:18,000 So one thing that makes unique the movement of Dreamers 78 00:04:18,000 --> 00:04:22,000 is what we call the whole-body control. 79 00:04:22,000 --> 00:04:26,000 Although Dreamer's torso rests on a wheeled base, 80 00:04:26,000 --> 00:04:29,000 a bipedal set of robotic legs 81 00:04:29,000 --> 00:04:31,000 are currently being developed, 82 00:04:31,000 --> 00:04:36,000 which will make Dreamer fully mobile within two years. 83 00:04:36,000 --> 00:04:39,000 Ultimately, we want these machines to live a hundred years 84 00:04:39,000 --> 00:04:44,000 and assist it without any supervision whatsoever. 85 00:04:44,000 --> 00:04:48,000 By combining the lifelike characteristics of androids, 86 00:04:48,000 --> 00:04:51,000 like those developed by Hiroshi Ishiguro 87 00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:54,000 with the mobility of robots like Dreamer, 88 00:04:54,000 --> 00:04:57,000 scientists believe we might soon see a time 89 00:04:57,000 --> 00:05:00,000 when artificial humans will be virtually identical 90 00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:03,000 to the real thing. 91 00:05:03,000 --> 00:05:06,000 We are going to be able to actually create 92 00:05:06,000 --> 00:05:09,000 very human-like robotic systems 93 00:05:09,000 --> 00:05:11,000 to the point that they are nearly indistinguishable, 94 00:05:11,000 --> 00:05:14,000 both in movement and in morphology. 95 00:05:14,000 --> 00:05:16,000 If you look at something like the sort of entities 96 00:05:16,000 --> 00:05:19,000 that were dealt with in the movie Blade Runner, 97 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:22,000 the kinds of Turing tests that were done there 98 00:05:22,000 --> 00:05:24,000 to try to spot the androids, 99 00:05:24,000 --> 00:05:26,000 I think that in principle, 100 00:05:26,000 --> 00:05:29,000 we could have androids passing a sophisticated version 101 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:31,000 of the Turing test 102 00:05:31,000 --> 00:05:34,000 that would force the machine to think reflectively 103 00:05:34,000 --> 00:05:37,000 about its own consciousness, about its own past, 104 00:05:37,000 --> 00:05:40,000 about its own feelings, 105 00:05:40,000 --> 00:05:43,000 and I think that this should not be impossible to do, 106 00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:47,000 and in which case we should count these beings as human. 107 00:05:49,000 --> 00:05:51,000 In the 21st century, 108 00:05:51,000 --> 00:05:54,000 robots are being programmed to do everything 109 00:05:54,000 --> 00:05:58,000 from performing surgery to driving a car, 110 00:05:58,000 --> 00:06:02,000 and humanoid robots are rapidly reaching a level of sophistication 111 00:06:02,000 --> 00:06:06,000 that was thought to exist only in science fiction. 112 00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:09,000 But what are the implications of creating robots 113 00:06:09,000 --> 00:06:13,000 that are increasingly intelligent and independent? 114 00:06:14,000 --> 00:06:16,000 In March of 2015, 115 00:06:16,000 --> 00:06:20,000 Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak was quoted as saying, 116 00:06:20,000 --> 00:06:23,000 computers are going to take over from humans. 117 00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:26,000 The future is scary. 118 00:06:27,000 --> 00:06:31,000 Even Stephen Hawking and Tesla Motors founder Elon Musk 119 00:06:31,000 --> 00:06:34,000 have predicted that machines may soon surpass 120 00:06:34,000 --> 00:06:37,000 and ultimately replace humans. 121 00:06:39,000 --> 00:06:42,000 Many scientists and thinkers have postulated 122 00:06:42,000 --> 00:06:46,000 that ultimately machines are going to take over the world. 123 00:06:47,000 --> 00:06:51,000 Computers are getting faster and more powerful. 124 00:06:51,000 --> 00:06:54,000 Ultimately, we will design machines 125 00:06:54,000 --> 00:06:58,000 that themselves design even better machines. 126 00:06:58,000 --> 00:07:02,000 If it gets smarter than us, we'd better watch out. 127 00:07:03,000 --> 00:07:06,000 But while conventional scientists ponder whether or not 128 00:07:06,000 --> 00:07:10,000 robots are destined to take over the Earth, 129 00:07:10,000 --> 00:07:13,000 ancient astronaut theorists are asking themselves 130 00:07:13,000 --> 00:07:16,000 quite a different question. 131 00:07:16,000 --> 00:07:19,000 Did this all happen before? 132 00:07:19,000 --> 00:07:23,000 Perhaps thousands of years ago. 133 00:07:24,000 --> 00:07:26,000 Abydos, Egypt. 134 00:07:26,000 --> 00:07:29,000 Seven miles west of the Nile. 135 00:07:30,000 --> 00:07:33,000 Within this expensive archaeological site 136 00:07:33,000 --> 00:07:36,000 lies the ruins of the Osiris Hall, 137 00:07:36,000 --> 00:07:40,000 where thousands would gather to worship the God of the underworld. 138 00:07:41,000 --> 00:07:44,000 In comparison to many of the gods, 139 00:07:44,000 --> 00:07:48,000 Osiris was actually thought to have lived physically on Earth 140 00:07:48,000 --> 00:07:51,000 as one of Egypt's pharaohs. 141 00:07:52,000 --> 00:07:57,000 He is often depicted with a winged disc of the sun. 142 00:07:58,000 --> 00:08:03,000 And while many scholars have suggested that this is nothing else, 143 00:08:03,000 --> 00:08:06,000 but to worship the sun, 144 00:08:06,000 --> 00:08:10,000 that sun, as far as the Egyptians were concerned, 145 00:08:10,000 --> 00:08:13,000 also had wings and it descended from the sky. 146 00:08:13,000 --> 00:08:17,000 So in my opinion, something else was depicted, 147 00:08:17,000 --> 00:08:22,000 an extraterrestrial event that in fact took place in real life. 148 00:08:23,000 --> 00:08:26,000 Although most ancient astronaut theorists believe 149 00:08:26,000 --> 00:08:29,000 that the Egyptian gods were, in reality, 150 00:08:29,000 --> 00:08:32,000 extraterrestrial visitors, 151 00:08:32,000 --> 00:08:38,000 there are many who wonder if Osiris was even made of flesh and blood. 152 00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:44,000 One of the most famous stories that go hand in hand with Osiris 153 00:08:44,000 --> 00:08:49,000 was that he was dismembered by his jealous brother Seth. 154 00:08:50,000 --> 00:08:55,000 Seth went into a fury and tore his brother's dead body to shreds, 155 00:08:55,000 --> 00:08:59,000 tore it into 14 pieces, had it scattered far and wide all over the kingdom. 156 00:09:00,000 --> 00:09:02,000 But Isis, the loyal wife, 157 00:09:02,000 --> 00:09:07,000 searched far and wide and found the pieces and pulled it together. 158 00:09:08,000 --> 00:09:12,000 Isis succeeded in resurrecting him. 159 00:09:13,000 --> 00:09:16,000 Now, when I hear a story like that, 160 00:09:16,000 --> 00:09:19,000 that a being is dismembered 161 00:09:19,000 --> 00:09:22,000 and then somebody puts together those pieces 162 00:09:22,000 --> 00:09:25,000 and then they're able to magically resurrect him, 163 00:09:25,000 --> 00:09:27,000 I have to ask the question, 164 00:09:27,000 --> 00:09:34,000 is it possible that Osiris was not some type of biological entity, 165 00:09:34,000 --> 00:09:38,000 but perhaps he was some type of a machine or a robot? 166 00:09:38,000 --> 00:09:42,000 For ancient astronaut theorists, 167 00:09:42,000 --> 00:09:46,000 perhaps the strongest evidence that Osiris may have been a robot 168 00:09:46,000 --> 00:09:50,000 can be found in the ancient pyramid texts, 169 00:09:50,000 --> 00:09:54,000 which describe the symbol of the Jed Pillar as Osiris's spine. 170 00:09:56,000 --> 00:10:00,000 Osiris in his resurrected form was portrayed as a pillar 171 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:04,000 that clearly resembles a modern-day Tesla coil. 172 00:10:04,000 --> 00:10:08,000 The Jed Pillar was considered a power pillar. 173 00:10:08,000 --> 00:10:10,000 In this one carving at Abidos, 174 00:10:10,000 --> 00:10:16,000 it is as if Isis has her hand inserted into Osiris's back 175 00:10:16,000 --> 00:10:22,000 and said perhaps it illustrates how she was manipulating Osiris. 176 00:10:23,000 --> 00:10:26,000 Could it be that the story of Osiris 177 00:10:26,000 --> 00:10:30,000 is something completely different than what we have found in the past? 178 00:10:30,000 --> 00:10:34,000 Is it possible that our ancestors 179 00:10:34,000 --> 00:10:40,000 encountered highly sophisticated extraterrestrial robots in the ancient past? 180 00:10:42,000 --> 00:10:46,000 And if so, might there be some tangible evidence? 181 00:10:46,000 --> 00:10:50,000 Ancient astronaut theorists say yes 182 00:10:50,000 --> 00:10:53,000 and believe the evidence was true. 183 00:10:53,000 --> 00:10:56,000 The evidence is not true. 184 00:10:56,000 --> 00:10:59,000 Astronaut theorists say yes 185 00:10:59,000 --> 00:11:04,000 and believe the evidence was recovered deep beneath the sea 186 00:11:04,000 --> 00:11:08,000 and dates back more than 2,000 years. 187 00:11:13,000 --> 00:11:17,000 The Aegean Sea, April 1900. 188 00:11:18,000 --> 00:11:23,000 Just 230 feet off the coast of the small island of Antiqueterra. 189 00:11:23,000 --> 00:11:26,000 Sponge divers discover an ancient shipwreck 190 00:11:26,000 --> 00:11:29,000 150 feet beneath the surface. 191 00:11:32,000 --> 00:11:37,000 Over the next two years, artifacts are recovered from the wreckage 192 00:11:37,000 --> 00:11:42,000 and among them are the remains of a coral-encrusted metal box 193 00:11:42,000 --> 00:11:45,000 that dates back to the 2nd century BC. 194 00:11:46,000 --> 00:11:49,000 It is the oldest mechanical computer ever found, 195 00:11:49,000 --> 00:11:54,000 predating artifacts of similar complexity by 1,500 years. 196 00:11:56,000 --> 00:11:59,000 So you have this small little box 197 00:11:59,000 --> 00:12:03,000 with dozens of cog wheels on the inside 198 00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:07,000 and it has been determined that that analog computer 199 00:12:07,000 --> 00:12:11,000 was used to predict astronomical events. 200 00:12:12,000 --> 00:12:15,000 And so it was the first computer 201 00:12:15,000 --> 00:12:19,000 that has ever been created by mankind. 202 00:12:20,000 --> 00:12:23,000 The American scientists who were studying the Antiqueterra device 203 00:12:23,000 --> 00:12:26,000 actually said that discovering the Antiqueterra device 204 00:12:26,000 --> 00:12:30,000 was like finding a jet plane in the tomb of King Tut. 205 00:12:32,000 --> 00:12:34,000 It was so amazing to them. 206 00:12:34,000 --> 00:12:38,000 They had never, ever conceived 207 00:12:38,000 --> 00:12:41,000 that the ancient Greeks at 200 BC 208 00:12:41,000 --> 00:12:45,000 would have had the knowledge of mechanical devices like this. 209 00:12:45,000 --> 00:12:49,000 That's completely changed the way we perceive ancient history. 210 00:12:51,000 --> 00:12:54,000 While excavation teams have still not determined for certain 211 00:12:54,000 --> 00:12:59,000 the origin of the ship on which the Antiqueterra mechanism was found, 212 00:13:00,000 --> 00:13:03,000 the leading candidate is the island of Rhodes. 213 00:13:04,000 --> 00:13:08,000 According to some contemporary accounts, Rhodes was once home 214 00:13:08,000 --> 00:13:12,000 to what by today's standards would be considered high technology. 215 00:13:14,000 --> 00:13:17,000 In the 5th century BC, the poet Pender wrote 216 00:13:17,000 --> 00:13:21,000 that Rhodes was once adorned with statues that came to life 217 00:13:21,000 --> 00:13:24,000 like living and moving creatures. 218 00:13:26,000 --> 00:13:30,000 He wrote that they all of a sudden became alive. 219 00:13:32,000 --> 00:13:34,000 And so the question then arises, 220 00:13:34,000 --> 00:13:37,000 well, if you have a lifeless object first 221 00:13:37,000 --> 00:13:41,000 and then all of a sudden somebody breathes life into something, 222 00:13:41,000 --> 00:13:47,000 could it be that we have references to some type of machines? 223 00:13:49,000 --> 00:13:52,000 Where did the people of Rhodes get the knowledge 224 00:13:52,000 --> 00:13:58,000 of how to create these moving statues 2,500 years ago? 225 00:13:59,000 --> 00:14:03,000 I believe that it is just what Pender said, 226 00:14:03,000 --> 00:14:05,000 which is they got it from the gods. 227 00:14:05,000 --> 00:14:07,000 Well, who are these gods? 228 00:14:07,000 --> 00:14:09,000 The gods are real people. 229 00:14:09,000 --> 00:14:13,000 They're extraterrestrials who had this technology, 230 00:14:13,000 --> 00:14:15,000 shared it with humanity. 231 00:14:15,000 --> 00:14:18,000 And now when we see the Antiqueterra mechanism, 232 00:14:18,000 --> 00:14:21,000 there's something you can put your hands on 233 00:14:21,000 --> 00:14:25,000 that shows that they had the capability to do advanced machine work. 234 00:14:25,000 --> 00:14:29,000 It's 1,500 years too early at least. 235 00:14:30,000 --> 00:14:34,000 The point is that technology really exists 236 00:14:34,000 --> 00:14:36,000 and from a technology like that, 237 00:14:36,000 --> 00:14:39,000 going to robotics is not too much further 238 00:14:39,000 --> 00:14:43,000 and extraterrestrials would very well have had that capability for the time. 239 00:14:43,000 --> 00:14:47,000 If you believe what this legend says on face value. 240 00:14:50,000 --> 00:14:53,000 Could the Antiqueterra mechanism be proof 241 00:14:53,000 --> 00:14:57,000 that the ancient Greeks had technology far in advance 242 00:14:57,000 --> 00:14:59,000 of the times in which they lived? 243 00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:05,000 And might this be evidence that there really were functioning robots 244 00:15:05,000 --> 00:15:07,000 on the island of Rhodes? 245 00:15:08,000 --> 00:15:11,000 Ancient astronaut theorists say yes 246 00:15:11,000 --> 00:15:15,000 and claim there is also evidence that advanced robots 247 00:15:15,000 --> 00:15:21,000 existed 300 miles to the north on another Greek island, Lemnos. 248 00:15:23,000 --> 00:15:26,000 Here lie the ruins of Hephaistia, 249 00:15:26,000 --> 00:15:29,000 one of the most important cities in Greece. 250 00:15:30,000 --> 00:15:34,000 It is named for the Greek god of metallurgy, Hephaistus, 251 00:15:34,000 --> 00:15:37,000 who was said to have fallen here from the sky 252 00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:41,000 and actually existed on Earth alongside humans. 253 00:15:41,000 --> 00:15:46,000 He's described in his workshop as being surrounded by automated robots. 254 00:15:46,000 --> 00:15:51,000 He flips on machines and they bustle around 255 00:15:51,000 --> 00:15:55,000 doing all the sort of the hard busy work for him. 256 00:15:55,000 --> 00:16:01,000 One of Hephaistus' most famous and amazing creations was Talos, 257 00:16:01,000 --> 00:16:06,000 a giant man made of bronze who protected the island of Crete. 258 00:16:07,000 --> 00:16:12,000 Talos was able to observe all of the ships approaching Crete 259 00:16:12,000 --> 00:16:15,000 and curl stones at those ships. 260 00:16:16,000 --> 00:16:19,000 And he was able to release this heat 261 00:16:19,000 --> 00:16:24,000 and thus incinerating any boat or anything that would come close to him. 262 00:16:26,000 --> 00:16:32,000 So is it possible that Talos was some type of a machine or a robot? 263 00:16:38,000 --> 00:16:42,000 Greece isn't the only place where ancient stories can be found 264 00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:45,000 about inanimate objects that appear to come to life. 265 00:16:46,000 --> 00:16:51,000 The Jewish Talmud describes a clay figure called the Golam 266 00:16:51,000 --> 00:16:55,000 that could be brought to life by inserting a spell into its mouth. 267 00:16:56,000 --> 00:17:00,000 In India, an ancient Sanskrit text called the Lokaponadi 268 00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:06,000 tells of spirit movement machines as far back as the 5th century BC. 269 00:17:07,000 --> 00:17:09,000 And the Chinese text, the Lietzoo, 270 00:17:09,000 --> 00:17:17,000 describes a humanoid robot being presented to King Mu as far back as 3,000 years ago. 271 00:17:17,000 --> 00:17:19,000 There are stories from many cultures, 272 00:17:19,000 --> 00:17:23,000 from all over the planet of people who have either created other humans 273 00:17:23,000 --> 00:17:26,000 or machines that were very much like humans. 274 00:17:27,000 --> 00:17:32,000 But if sophisticated robots really did exist in the ancient world, 275 00:17:32,000 --> 00:17:36,000 what function did they serve? Who built them? 276 00:17:37,000 --> 00:17:41,000 And perhaps, more importantly, what happened to them? 277 00:17:42,000 --> 00:17:49,000 On March 24, 2015, the Mars rover called Opportunity 278 00:17:49,000 --> 00:17:53,000 reaches the west rim of the 14-mile wide Endeavour crater. 279 00:17:54,000 --> 00:18:00,000 It is searching for minerals and other evidence that might prove that life once existed here. 280 00:18:00,000 --> 00:18:04,000 It is one of several remote-controlled robots 281 00:18:04,000 --> 00:18:09,000 that for more than a decade have provided NASA with invaluable information 282 00:18:09,000 --> 00:18:12,000 about our closest alien planet. 283 00:18:14,000 --> 00:18:19,000 When NASA successfully controlled robots over, you know, crazy distances, 284 00:18:19,000 --> 00:18:21,000 they would execute the plan here on the ground 285 00:18:21,000 --> 00:18:24,000 and they would upload those instructions to the robot on Mars. 286 00:18:29,000 --> 00:18:33,000 Another NASA robot, the humanoid Robonaut 2, 287 00:18:33,000 --> 00:18:36,000 works on the International Space Station. 288 00:18:37,000 --> 00:18:41,000 And in development is the so-called Super Robot, Valkyrie, 289 00:18:41,000 --> 00:18:48,000 which is designed to set up habitats and pave the way for humans on other planets. 290 00:18:49,000 --> 00:18:54,000 When humans go out into space, it's very difficult and dangerous and time-consuming. 291 00:18:54,000 --> 00:18:58,000 It's far easier to send robots, and if that's what we do, 292 00:18:58,000 --> 00:19:02,000 that's sure as heck what extraterrestrials are going to be doing. 293 00:19:03,000 --> 00:19:10,000 But just as we're employing robots today to gather information and minimize risk to human life, 294 00:19:10,000 --> 00:19:15,000 could similar cybernetic technologies have existed in the ancient past? 295 00:19:16,000 --> 00:19:21,000 Could stories like that of Osiris, Tullos and the Golem be true? 296 00:19:23,000 --> 00:19:27,000 Ancient astronaut theorists say yes and believe that the proof 297 00:19:27,000 --> 00:19:32,000 can not only be found in the past, but right here in the present. 298 00:19:38,000 --> 00:19:41,000 Norway, November 2014. 299 00:19:43,000 --> 00:19:48,000 Scientists from the University of Oslo work on a new breakthrough in robotics, 300 00:19:49,000 --> 00:19:54,000 creating robots that are able to adapt and continue functioning, 301 00:19:54,000 --> 00:19:57,000 even after losing a limb. 302 00:19:58,000 --> 00:20:05,000 The robots also know how to create new limbs with the use of a 3D printer and reapply them, 303 00:20:05,000 --> 00:20:10,000 effectively repairing themselves without the aid of a human being. 304 00:20:11,000 --> 00:20:20,000 This new technology is the first step in achieving what Hungarian scientist John von Neumann envisioned back in the 1940s. 305 00:20:21,000 --> 00:20:23,000 Self-replicating robots. 306 00:20:24,000 --> 00:20:30,000 John von Neumann was a mathematician that had an idea about self-replicating machines, 307 00:20:31,000 --> 00:20:37,000 where you send out a seed machine and that machine will seek out raw materials to construct a copy of itself, 308 00:20:37,000 --> 00:20:41,000 and then that will then send that machine out to replicate itself. 309 00:20:42,000 --> 00:20:50,000 So one become two, two become four, and eventually these things would be able to explore the entire cosmos. 310 00:20:51,000 --> 00:20:59,000 Now one theory is that extraterrestrial civilizations would build space probes like that, 311 00:20:59,000 --> 00:21:03,000 and that would be the quickest way to explore the entire universe. 312 00:21:05,000 --> 00:21:15,000 The interesting question is going to be the extent to which part of that self-replication includes the memories and the learning 313 00:21:15,000 --> 00:21:19,000 that the first generation of robots engage with. 314 00:21:20,000 --> 00:21:25,000 So you'd want to make the robots as open to new experiences as we are, 315 00:21:25,000 --> 00:21:34,000 but at the same time be able also to pass on the experiences from any given generation to the next generation through self-replication. 316 00:21:35,000 --> 00:21:41,000 So I think that this could be a very important way in terms of space travel to go. 317 00:21:41,000 --> 00:21:46,000 I mean I think the more interesting question from the standpoint of ourselves as human beings 318 00:21:46,000 --> 00:21:50,000 is the extent to which we remain part of that process. 319 00:21:53,000 --> 00:21:59,000 Is it possible that we could create self-aware robots that are completely autonomous 320 00:21:59,000 --> 00:22:03,000 and send them off to explore the universe unassisted? 321 00:22:04,000 --> 00:22:12,000 And might these robots be able to self-replicate endlessly using materials found on distant planets? 322 00:22:13,000 --> 00:22:21,000 Ancient astronaut theorists propose that extraterrestrial beings may have already achieved this technology. 323 00:22:23,000 --> 00:22:30,000 It is entirely possible that an advanced civilization, and I'm saying far more advanced than we are on Earth, 324 00:22:30,000 --> 00:22:35,000 could actually develop this technology of self-replicating machines 325 00:22:36,000 --> 00:22:41,000 and then could send artificially intelligent robots out into space 326 00:22:41,000 --> 00:22:49,000 as sentinels that scan a much faster area than that civilization itself could go to with manned probes. 327 00:22:49,000 --> 00:22:56,000 It's something that probably is already very widely in use by a variety of extraterrestrial civilizations. 328 00:22:57,000 --> 00:23:05,000 The Bonne-Milman machines are an awesome idea that is reflected in ancient stories of extraterrestrials coming to Earth. 329 00:23:07,000 --> 00:23:11,000 In the ancient Egyptian tradition we learn of these formless light beings 330 00:23:11,000 --> 00:23:18,000 that emerged from what they describe as the island of the egg and create civilization. 331 00:23:18,000 --> 00:23:22,000 It suggests that they're utilizing some kind of self-replicating robot 332 00:23:22,000 --> 00:23:28,000 that has the ability to utilize genetic forms perhaps imported from the home planet 333 00:23:28,000 --> 00:23:33,000 that can then be manifested on a new planet, in our case Earth. 334 00:23:36,000 --> 00:23:44,000 Is it possible that evidence of self-replicating robots can be found in ancient historical and religious texts, 335 00:23:44,000 --> 00:23:48,000 such as those concerning ancient Egypt? 336 00:23:49,000 --> 00:23:58,000 And if so, is mankind today merely tapping into knowledge that was available on Earth thousands of years ago? 337 00:23:58,000 --> 00:24:04,000 Knowledge that might have been brought here by extraterrestrial space travelers? 338 00:24:04,000 --> 00:24:08,000 According to some ancient astronaut theorists, 339 00:24:08,000 --> 00:24:15,000 the concept that extraterrestrial life forms may have first visited the Earth as machines or robots 340 00:24:15,000 --> 00:24:22,000 is not only likely but logical and can even help to explain a series of alien encounters 341 00:24:22,000 --> 00:24:27,000 that have been reported as recently as the 20th century. 342 00:24:27,000 --> 00:24:34,000 Encounters with robot visitors that might otherwise be referred to as the Greys. 343 00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:43,000 May 9th, 2001, the National Press Club, Washington, D.C. 344 00:24:44,000 --> 00:24:47,000 During a media conference for the disclosure project, 345 00:24:47,000 --> 00:24:52,000 former Army Sergeant Clifford Stone makes a stunning announcement. 346 00:24:53,000 --> 00:25:00,000 He claims that for more than two decades, he was part of a top-secret military operations unit 347 00:25:00,000 --> 00:25:06,000 tasked with recovering extraterrestrial technology for the United States government. 348 00:25:07,000 --> 00:25:13,000 I was involved in situations where we actually did recoveries of crashed saucers 349 00:25:13,000 --> 00:25:16,000 for lack of better termed degrees thereof. 350 00:25:16,000 --> 00:25:21,000 There were bodies that were involved with some of these crashes that also somewhere alive. 351 00:25:21,000 --> 00:25:26,000 While we were doing all this, we were telling the American public there was nothing to it, 352 00:25:26,000 --> 00:25:28,000 we were telling the world there was nothing to it. 353 00:25:29,000 --> 00:25:35,000 One of the things that Clifford Stone talked about was a program called Project Moondust. 354 00:25:35,000 --> 00:25:45,000 Now, Project Moondust was a legitimate military program and it was designed to recover things like Soviet space satellites. 355 00:25:45,000 --> 00:25:50,000 The small number of documents on Moondust that have surfaced through the Freedom Information Act 356 00:25:50,000 --> 00:25:57,000 talk about how it wasn't just Soviet spacecraft, it was also UFOs. 357 00:25:58,000 --> 00:26:02,000 It actually uses the term UFOs in the documents. 358 00:26:06,000 --> 00:26:12,000 According to Stone, he was the first to respond to 12 UFO crashes. 359 00:26:12,000 --> 00:26:19,000 But it wasn't until the day after the press conference, during a closed session with Stone and members of Congress, 360 00:26:19,000 --> 00:26:26,000 that he revealed something even more shocking about his first-hand accounts with alien entities. 361 00:26:27,000 --> 00:26:34,000 I met him the very next day on May 10th in the closed executive VIP summary briefing for members of Congress. 362 00:26:34,000 --> 00:26:41,000 One of the things that Sergeant Stone talked about was the nature of the so-called gray extraterrestrials. 363 00:26:42,000 --> 00:26:47,000 He said that there were some very strange biological anomalies about them 364 00:26:47,000 --> 00:26:52,000 that make them look almost as if they are some sort of biological robot. 365 00:26:53,000 --> 00:26:57,000 They seem to have very few, if any, organ systems in the body, 366 00:26:57,000 --> 00:27:03,000 and yet these beings appear to be able to walk around and think and function. 367 00:27:04,000 --> 00:27:10,000 Sergeant Clifford Stone got so emotional about what he was talking about in front of these congressmen 368 00:27:10,000 --> 00:27:15,000 that he literally broke down in tears and walked off the stage. 369 00:27:16,000 --> 00:27:22,000 I spent several different times with him at his home, 370 00:27:22,000 --> 00:27:28,000 looking at documents and listening to him tell his own extraordinary experience 371 00:27:28,000 --> 00:27:35,000 of having some sort of an encounter with something that would fall in the category from his point of view, 372 00:27:35,000 --> 00:27:41,000 of being in the android or hybrid area. 373 00:27:46,000 --> 00:27:51,000 Is it possible that the so-called grays reported by alleged alien abductees 374 00:27:51,000 --> 00:27:56,000 are really robots being controlled from beyond our planet? 375 00:27:57,000 --> 00:28:03,000 In 2014, the online magazine Motherboard posted an article 376 00:28:03,000 --> 00:28:07,000 in which a handful of philosophers and astronomers speculated 377 00:28:07,000 --> 00:28:13,000 that the dominant life form in the cosmos is probably super-intelligent robots. 378 00:28:14,000 --> 00:28:21,000 And according to ancient astronaut theorists, the notion is not as far-fetched as it seems, 379 00:28:21,000 --> 00:28:26,000 especially when one considers that Hiroshi Ishigoro's Geminoid robots 380 00:28:26,000 --> 00:28:31,000 are designed to transmit a human presence from thousands of miles away. 381 00:28:32,000 --> 00:28:37,000 Similarly designed to operate from a remote distance is the Dreamer robot, 382 00:28:37,000 --> 00:28:45,000 created by the University of Texas and also NASA's latest robotic space traveler, Valkyrie. 383 00:28:46,000 --> 00:28:50,000 What we envision in the future is more of a supervised autonomy 384 00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:53,000 where you're giving the robot high-level instructions 385 00:28:53,000 --> 00:28:57,000 and the robot's autonomous enough to interpret those high-level instructions 386 00:28:57,000 --> 00:28:59,000 and then carry out a portion of its mission. 387 00:29:00,000 --> 00:29:05,000 If you have androids, something else with great intelligence 388 00:29:05,000 --> 00:29:10,000 has to have made them to come here to work on this planet. 389 00:29:13,000 --> 00:29:16,000 But while some ancient astronaut theorists believe 390 00:29:16,000 --> 00:29:22,000 the grays could be surrogates controlled by alien entities from far, far away, 391 00:29:22,000 --> 00:29:27,000 others suggest the truth is even more incredible. 392 00:29:28,000 --> 00:29:34,000 People often describe the grays as featureless, emotionless creatures. 393 00:29:37,000 --> 00:29:40,000 Could it be that they're all effectively from the same mold? 394 00:29:40,000 --> 00:29:45,000 Maybe they are von Neumann self-replicating machines themselves. 395 00:29:45,000 --> 00:29:50,000 The interesting thing about this theory is that people often say 396 00:29:50,000 --> 00:29:56,000 that the purpose of the abductions is to harvest genetic materials 397 00:29:56,000 --> 00:30:01,000 Well, if these grays are actually self-replicating robots, 398 00:30:01,000 --> 00:30:06,000 what they might be doing is actually getting genetic material from humans 399 00:30:06,000 --> 00:30:09,000 to construct more copies of themselves. 400 00:30:12,000 --> 00:30:19,000 When Clifford Stone made the statement that grey aliens might not be entirely biological entities, 401 00:30:19,000 --> 00:30:25,000 as part of his argument, he cited the fact that they have a cookie-cutter quality to them. 402 00:30:27,000 --> 00:30:33,000 Does his testimony suggest that the extraterrestrial entities that are visiting the Earth 403 00:30:33,000 --> 00:30:40,000 are not only part mechanical and synthetic, but also part biological? 404 00:30:40,000 --> 00:30:48,000 Or do they really represent alien creatures that are part machine and part human? 405 00:30:56,000 --> 00:31:03,000 Dr. Thomas Bolland files the first patent for inkjet 3D printing of viable cells. 406 00:31:03,000 --> 00:31:11,000 Already a multi-billion dollar industry, this process involves placing biological materials 407 00:31:11,000 --> 00:31:18,000 into modified ink cartridges and printing onto bio paper made of soy and collagen. 408 00:31:18,000 --> 00:31:23,000 What we see is little Petri dishes with a culture medium like agar in them, 409 00:31:23,000 --> 00:31:29,000 and then you have a little nozzle that comes over and spray paints these little hexagons onto the agar, 410 00:31:29,000 --> 00:31:35,000 and within only a few minutes they start growing cells, and they become these brown spots, 411 00:31:35,000 --> 00:31:39,000 which are the beginnings of human livers. 412 00:31:40,000 --> 00:31:46,000 Dr. Bolland has some very interesting research looking at printing cell tissue. 413 00:31:46,000 --> 00:31:53,000 I think that opens up some very interesting ideas about how to bio-manufacture things. 414 00:31:53,000 --> 00:31:57,000 At some point it will have application in the field of robotics, 415 00:31:57,000 --> 00:32:02,000 especially as we start combining devices with the human body. 416 00:32:05,000 --> 00:32:12,000 Many believe this is the first step in constructing engineered human organs. 417 00:32:12,000 --> 00:32:19,000 Ultimately, the goal is to do the same for every other part of the human body. 418 00:32:19,000 --> 00:32:25,000 But there is a movement to go much further in merging biology with technology. 419 00:32:25,000 --> 00:32:29,000 It is called transhumanism. 420 00:32:29,000 --> 00:32:35,000 The ultimate goal of the transhumanists is to become an immortal god. 421 00:32:35,000 --> 00:32:42,000 And literally these people believe that they will merge with technology and become cyborgs. 422 00:32:42,000 --> 00:32:50,000 They believe that they will unlock the immortality anti-aging systems encoded into the human race, 423 00:32:50,000 --> 00:32:57,000 and that that will be the supposed final evolution of human beings as they ascend into godhood. 424 00:32:58,000 --> 00:33:04,000 Transhumanists generally acknowledge that human beings are the products of biological evolution, 425 00:33:04,000 --> 00:33:10,000 but we've now reached a stage in our development where there's an open question about where we should go. 426 00:33:10,000 --> 00:33:16,000 On one hand, our biological background could be taken as a kind of platform to go forward, 427 00:33:16,000 --> 00:33:26,000 manipulating genes in various ways, but on the other hand, we might think about ourselves merging more directly with silicon-based technologies. 428 00:33:27,000 --> 00:33:34,000 We see the rollout of these head-mounted displays like Google Glass, where people are now wearing a computer on their head. 429 00:33:34,000 --> 00:33:45,000 The Apple Watch now is a sort of merging man with machine, and instead of sitting down at a computer now, people are just wearing their computer. 430 00:33:45,000 --> 00:33:55,000 We see artificial hearts, we see pacemakers, these are sort of the early precursors to this transhumanist transformation. 431 00:33:57,000 --> 00:34:04,000 There certainly is a merging between technology and biology, and we're experiencing it right now. 432 00:34:08,000 --> 00:34:18,000 Some experts believe that by the year 2050, scientists and engineers will have unlocked the secrets of immortality 433 00:34:18,000 --> 00:34:25,000 through the production of artificial organs and silicon-based structures. 434 00:34:25,000 --> 00:34:33,000 Ancient astronaut theorists suggest that considering the fact that we are experimenting with transhumanism today, 435 00:34:33,000 --> 00:34:42,000 it is very possible a more advanced extraterrestrial race has already achieved similar technological advancements. 436 00:34:44,000 --> 00:34:53,000 A civilization millions of years older than us could have actually evolved much beyond the baby steps that we're taking right now. 437 00:34:54,000 --> 00:35:00,000 If we are doing this, is it possible that another civilization has done the same thing, 438 00:35:00,000 --> 00:35:06,000 but perhaps thousands, if not hundreds of thousands of years before us? 439 00:35:06,000 --> 00:35:15,000 When we look at some of these ancient texts that we have, we're always talking about ancient astronauts that came to visit us. 440 00:35:15,000 --> 00:35:19,000 But what if we were visited by machines? 441 00:35:19,000 --> 00:35:28,000 And so the idea then arises, will we ourselves be able to become cyborgs? 442 00:35:30,000 --> 00:35:37,000 It's possible that other civilizations may have decided that they would be able to essentially live indefinitely this way. 443 00:35:37,000 --> 00:35:44,000 And the more that we look at the way in which technology and biology are fusing together, 444 00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:51,000 the more that we can confront the notion that with the advancements of computer power, 445 00:35:51,000 --> 00:35:56,000 we could have sentient beings that are significantly more advanced. 446 00:35:58,000 --> 00:36:05,000 Is it possible that extraterrestrials have not merely sent intelligent robots to Earth in their place, 447 00:36:06,000 --> 00:36:12,000 but that they themselves have actually evolved beyond biological bodies? 448 00:36:12,000 --> 00:36:18,000 And if so, what might this mean for the future of the human race? 449 00:36:25,000 --> 00:36:30,000 February 8th, 1957, Washington, D.C. 450 00:36:31,000 --> 00:36:36,000 At Walter Reed General Hospital, Hungarian scientist John von Neumann, 451 00:36:36,000 --> 00:36:44,000 the man who came up with the idea for self-replicating robots, dies at the age of 53. 452 00:36:45,000 --> 00:36:52,000 At the time of his death, he was working on a manuscript titled The Computer and the Brain. 453 00:36:53,000 --> 00:36:58,000 At only 82 pages, the text was far from finished. 454 00:36:58,000 --> 00:37:07,000 But some have proposed that von Neumann was exploring the possibility of reproducing a human mind entirely on a computer. 455 00:37:08,000 --> 00:37:17,000 For transhumanists, this opens the door for what many consider one of the most radical innovations, mind uploading. 456 00:37:18,000 --> 00:37:25,000 Companies have actually built what are called neural interfaces where they have wired computers into people's brains. 457 00:37:26,000 --> 00:37:31,000 They believe that they can map the entire human brain and all of the data that's stored in it, 458 00:37:31,000 --> 00:37:40,000 and then replicate it into an artificial, intelligent, silicone-based system where it can then be stored and essentially never die. 459 00:37:44,000 --> 00:37:49,000 Is it possible that an entirely non-biological being could have sentience? 460 00:37:50,000 --> 00:37:56,000 And if extraterrestrials have been visiting Earth for thousands of years, 461 00:37:56,000 --> 00:38:01,000 might it be more likely that they are actually fully robotic beings? 462 00:38:04,000 --> 00:38:08,000 Biological entities may actually be a rarity in the cosmos. 463 00:38:08,000 --> 00:38:17,000 We may be largely living in a universe where the real intelligence is out there and perhaps coming down here are robots. 464 00:38:20,000 --> 00:38:28,000 There are some who believe that machines may have already achieved a level of intelligence vastly in excess of our own, 465 00:38:28,000 --> 00:38:38,000 and that they may be giving us a trail of breadcrumbs to help us rebuild the technology that would get us to become enough like them 466 00:38:38,000 --> 00:38:42,000 that we could eventually be merged into their society in some fashion. 467 00:38:43,000 --> 00:38:51,000 Could extraterrestrials who have been observing mankind for thousands of years 468 00:38:51,000 --> 00:38:57,000 have led us to this point because they desire not just that we achieve advanced technology, 469 00:38:57,000 --> 00:39:01,000 but that we actually become the technology? 470 00:39:04,000 --> 00:39:10,000 And if humans are the creation of extraterrestrials, as ancient astronaut theorists suggest, 471 00:39:12,000 --> 00:39:22,000 might they have initially created us as biological entities in order to limit our lifespan until we are ready to become like them? 472 00:39:23,000 --> 00:39:28,000 There are very interesting things about how similar to a machine the body is. 473 00:39:28,000 --> 00:39:33,000 If you injure certain parts of the brain, the body breaks down like a machine. 474 00:39:33,000 --> 00:39:39,000 You can injure a tendon or a joint, and then that part of the machine doesn't function anymore. 475 00:39:39,000 --> 00:39:47,000 So we have to look at the possibility that life is not necessarily what we've considered it to be. 476 00:39:47,000 --> 00:39:52,000 There is a possibility that if we create computers with enough complexity, 477 00:39:52,000 --> 00:39:58,000 that consciousness could actually breathe life into that inanimate substance, 478 00:39:58,000 --> 00:40:04,000 and you have a robotic consciousness that has become something we would think of as a person. 479 00:40:04,000 --> 00:40:17,000 In ancient story, after ancient story, we see references of extraterrestrials seeking to influence the human body, 480 00:40:17,000 --> 00:40:21,000 to augment it, especially with technology. 481 00:40:23,000 --> 00:40:26,000 With today's transhuman movement, you have to ask, 482 00:40:26,000 --> 00:40:36,000 is this possibly part of an extraterrestrial agenda to influence humankind through the implantation of technology with the human body? 483 00:40:36,000 --> 00:40:46,000 And if so, what is the purpose? Is it to accelerate our abilities, or is it an effort to control humanity? 484 00:40:46,000 --> 00:40:49,000 Ultimately, time will tell the answer to those questions. 485 00:40:50,000 --> 00:40:58,000 Is it possible that otherworldly beings are leading mankind not only to evolve on Earth, 486 00:40:58,000 --> 00:41:05,000 but ultimately to a destiny of joining them in the stars as non-biological entities? 487 00:41:07,000 --> 00:41:14,000 And could it be that our increased reliance on computers, cell phones, the internet, 488 00:41:14,000 --> 00:41:20,000 and even synthetic body parts is part of a vast extraterrestrial plan? 489 00:41:22,000 --> 00:41:26,000 One that will see humans become more and more assimilated. 490 00:41:26,000 --> 00:41:31,000 Into the very technology we have grown so dependent upon. 491 00:41:32,000 --> 00:41:38,000 Perhaps mankind's destiny is not to have a close encounter with its ancestor, 492 00:41:38,000 --> 00:41:41,000 but with our future selves. 493 00:41:42,000 --> 00:41:47,000 And perhaps when that day comes, human beings, as we now know them, 494 00:41:47,000 --> 00:41:53,000 will be thought of as little more than obsolete operating systems.